HISTORY
Niacinamide, also known as vitamin B3 or nicotinamide, has a rich history dating back to the early 20th century when it was first identified during the quest to cure pellagra, a disease caused by niacin deficiency. Dr. Joseph Goldberger, an American physician, discovered the link between diet and pellagra, leading to the recognition of niacin as a vital nutrient. The term "niacin" was coined to describe both nicotinic acid and its amide form, niacinamide.
SCIENCE
Niacinamide is crucial for enhancing the production of skin proteins like keratin, filaggrin, and involucrin, which maintain skin structure and elasticity. Research indicates that using 4-5% niacinamide daily for 8-12 weeks can significantly improve skin elasticity and reduce wrinkles.
Hyperpigmentation and brown spots are common skin concerns that niacinamide can address by inhibiting the transfer of melanosomes to skin cells. Studies show that 2-5% niacinamide used daily for eight weeks can significantly lighten hyperpigmentation, with enhanced effects when combined with acetyl glucosamine.
Niacinamide also plays a key role in repairing the skin barrier, which is essential for retaining moisture and protecting against external irritants. It boosts the synthesis of ceramides, free fatty acids, and cholesterol, improving skin hydration and reducing trans-epidermal water loss.
Its anti-inflammatory and sebum-regulating properties make niacinamide an effective treatment for acne. A study found that using 4% niacinamide for eight weeks resulted in improved acne symptoms for 82% of participants, with results comparable to a 1% clindamycin gel.
Additionally, niacinamide aids in wound healing, accelerates epidermal cell growth, and offers photoprotective and antibacterial properties. Its anti-inflammatory effects are beneficial for conditions like rosacea and atopic dermatitis, further highlighting its versatility in skincare.
REFERENCES
- Shalita, A. R., Smith, J. G., Parish, L. C., Sofman, M. S., & Chalker, D. K. (1995). Topical nicotinamide compared with clindamycin gel in the treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 105(4), 132-137.
- Bissett, D. L., Oblong, J. E., & Berge, C. A. (2005). Niacinamide: A B vitamin that improves aging facial skin appearance. Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 4(1), 1-5.
- Draelos, Z. D. (2005). The latest cosmeceutical approaches for anti-aging. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 4(1), 20-26.
